★ 過去完了は過去形よりも前のことを表すときに使います。
例えば,
Cathy had already cleaned the house when I was trying to do it.
キャシーは私が家を掃除しようとする前に、すでに掃除していました。
これは
Cathy cleaned the house と、
I was trying to do it が同じ過去形の場合、同じ時間に起こったことになってしまうので
時間差をつけるために、I was trying to do itの前にすでに起こっていたCathy cleaned the houseを過去完了にしています（大過去）。
練習問題：
She ( ) her pencil when she got home.
彼女は家についたときに自分の鉛筆を無くしていた。
A. has lost
B. has been lost
C. lost
D. had lost
2. I want to get the same one that I ( ) two days ago.
私は２日前に買っていたものと同じものが欲しいです。
A. have bought
B. has bought
C. bought
D. had bought
3. The officer ( ) angry before he scolded me for what I did.
その警官は私がしたことで怒る前に、もう怒っていました。
A.Have already been
B: has already been
C: had already been
D: having already been
4. Tom told me that he ( ) Ted before I saw him for the last time.
トムは私が初めて彼に会ったときよりも前ににテッドに会っていました。
A: have been seen
B: has been seen
C: have seen
D: had seen
5. Why don’t I return the shoes you ( ) before I got them.
私が買う前にあなたが買っていたその靴を返品してきてあげようか？
A: have purchased
B: has purchased
C: purchase
D: had purchased
6. Mike ( ) the person before I introduced to him.
マイクは私が彼を紹介する前に知っていた。
A: have known
B: has known
C: has been known
D: had known
7. When I came home, my mother ( ) shopping though I wanted to go with her.
私が家に帰ってきたころには、一緒の行きたかったけれども、母は買い物に行ってしまっていた。
A: have gone
B: has gone
C: has been gone
D: had gone
答え：
She ( ) her pencil when she got home.
彼女は家についたときに自分の鉛筆を無くしていた。
A. has lost
B. has been lost
C. lost
D. had lost
2. I want to get the same one that I ( ) two days ago.
私は２日前に買っていたものと同じものが欲しいです。
A. have bought
B. has bought
C. bought
D. had bought
3. The officer ( ) angry before he scolded me for what I did.
その警官は私がしたことで怒る前に、もう怒っていました。
A.Have already been
B: has already been
C: had already been
D: having already been
4. Tom told me that he ( ) Ted before I saw him for the last time.
トムは私が初めて彼に会ったときよりも前ににテッドに会っていました。
A: have been seen
B: has been seen
C: have seen
D: had seen
5. Why don’t I return the shoes you ( ) before I got them.
私が買う前にあなたが買っていたその靴を返品してきてあげようか？
A: have purchased
B: has purchased
C: purchase
D: had purchased
6. Mike ( ) the person before I introduced to him.
マイクは私が彼を紹介する前に知っていた。
A: have known
B: has known
C: has been known
D: had known
7. When I came home, my mother ( ) shopping though I wanted to go with her.
私が家に帰ってきたころには、一緒の行きたかったけれども、母は買い物に行ってしまっていた。
A: have gone
B: has gone
C: has been gone
D: had gone
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